JRG Journal of Academic Studies

Fake news and the maintenance of the political public sphere: Disinformation as a Threat to Human Rights and Democracy

Rhanna Corina Monteiro Cavalcanti — 2025-07-11

The spread of fake news is not a modern phenomenon, although the term “fake news” has recently gained notoriety. History shows that the manipulation of information has always been a tool of domination, used to distort reality and seize power. From a philosophical perspective, politics arises from the creation of a public space for debate, where free individuals engage in dialogue and make collective decisions, as opposed to the isolation of private life. Hannah Arendt was instrumental in investigating how totalitarian regimes sought to undermine this public space in order to exercise control. With technological advances, attacks on the public space have become more modern. Currently, the dissemination of fake news in the virtual environment occurs rapidly and without prior control, fragmenting the space for dialogue and replacing it with extremism, isolation, and hate speech. Given this, this work starts from the following question: how does the dissemination of fake news contribute to eroding the public political space? A qualitative approach is adopted, using exploratory procedures and bibliographic methods, based on articles and academic texts on political freedom in Arendt, seeking to understand how her theory helps explain the phenomenon of fake news. The objective is to use Arendtian thought as a theoretical lens to analyze this contemporary dynamic. After discussing the impact of fake news on the public sphere, the work revisits its historical use as a constant threat to democracy, highlighting the need for regulation. It concludes that the preservation of the public sphere requires not only legal measures against disinformation, but above all, citizen awareness of the political role of information and an ethical commitment to the truth.

Use of geoprocessing in the generation of the soil map of the Camaratuba river watershed – Paraíba

Charlys Seixas Maia Dornelas — 2025-07-02

consisting of natural catchment areas that channel rainwater runoff into a water body. Accurate soil characterization in these areas is essential for assessing agricultural potential and proposing sustainable land use strategies. Soil classification in Brazil was updated by Embrapa (2018), making it necessary to reclassify previously studied areas. This study aimed to reclassify the soils of the Camaratuba River watershed using the updated methodology of the Brazilian Soil Classification System (Embrapa, 2018), with the support of the open-source software QGIS version 3.26. Based on the adopted methodology, a new soil map of the watershed was generated, identifying four main soil classes: Plinthosols (Argiluvic), Quartzarenic Neosols, Thionic Gleysols, and Fluvic Neosols. Plinthosols (Argiluvic) were the most representative, occupying 61.17% of the watershed area, while Thionic Gleysols accounted for only 1.31%. The results reflect the region's geological and climatic conditions, characterized by deep, weathered soils, with limestone rocks in the western portion and sedimentary formations such as sandstones and siltstones (Francisco et al., 2023). The distribution of the drainage network and artesian wells showed a higher concentration of structures in the western sector of the watershed, which is also related to local geology. It was found that Plinthosols (Argiluvic) are predominant in the Camaratuba River watershed, followed by Quartzarenic Neosols. The use of QGIS software proved effective in generating maps and performing spatial analysis of soils, contributing to the area's environmental planning. The application of Embrapa’s updated guidelines enabled a relevant revision of the pedological classification, which is essential to support actions in management, conservation, and the rational use of the watershed’s natural resources

Clinical and laboratory profile of kidney recipients regarding biomarkers of mineral and bone disorders

Andresa Rodrigues Martins — 2025-07-07

Kidney transplantation is the ideal therapy for advanced kidney disease, aiming to restore homeostasis of affected systems, such as renal function and bone metabolism. However, after undergoing hyperplasia, the parathyroid glands may undergo reabsorption of calcium from the bones and hypophosphatemia, even after transplantation, requiring continuous monitoring. This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study, carried out from the medical records of kidney transplant patients undergoing outpatient follow-up at a university hospital in Recife-PE, aimed to evaluate the clinical and laboratory conditions of these patients. Data collection included sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory information. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 30.1 software, and data normality was verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The study involved 177 medical records, with ages ranging from 21 to 76 years. Most patients were brown (79.1%). Only (8.5%) of the patients had completed higher education. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (70.6%), and the glomerular filtration rate indicated that most patients were in stage 2 of chronic kidney disease (33%). The diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism was found in few patients (9%). In addition, there was a predominance of patients who were not followed up by the Mineral and Bone Disorders outpatient clinic (91%). It is possible to conclude that the profile of the patients in the study is predominantly male, of mixed race, with a mean age of 50 years and low education. Most received transplant after hemodialysis, with hypertension being the most common comorbidity. Hemodialysis was the most reported renal therapy as a form of treatment and laboratory tests indicated high levels of phosphorus, creatinine and parathyroid hormone.

Effects of physical exercise on the health status of children with cystic fibrosis: a systematic review

Ingrid Nara Oliveira Santos — 2025-07-12

Introduction: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a chronic and progressive genetic disease that affects multiple systems, especially the respiratory system, leading to airway obstructions due to viscous secretions. These factors impact children's quality of life, compromising daily, school, and recreational activities. Thus, physical exercise emerges as a potentially beneficial intervention, and it is necessary to investigate the effects of exercise in the treatment of children with CF. Objective: To verify the scientific evidence present in the literature regarding the effectiveness of physical exercise on the health status of children with Cystic Fibrosis. Methodology The search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library and MEDLINE based on the question developed through the PICO strategy. Using different combinations of the following keywords: “cystic fibrosis”, “child”, “physical exercise”, randomized controlled clinical trials published between 2019 and 2024, involving children up to 12 years old diagnosed with CF, were selected. In addition, the methodological quality of the articles was assessed by the PEDro scale. Results: A total of 240 studies were initially found, with only 6 meeting the previously chosen inclusion criteria. Among them, the interventions included aerobic, resistance, postural and combined exercises that analyzed different outcomes such as functional capacity, muscle strength, quality of life, bone mineral density, respiratory function and cardiac variability. Conclusion: Physical exercise showed positive results in the treatment of children with Cystic Fibrosis, with improvements in functional capacity, muscle strength and quality of life. However, longer studies, large samples and homogeneous protocols are needed to consolidate practical and specific recommendations for this population.

Keywords: cystic fibrosis; child; physical exercise; systematic review.

The role of the nurse in pediatric palliative care: an integrative literature review

Cristiane Cunha de Oliveira — 2025-07-09

The role of nurses in pediatric palliative care is essential to ensuring humanized and comprehensive care for children and their families. These professionals play a central role in symptom management, emotional support, and continuous care for families throughout the entire care process. The objective of this study is to identify and summarize, in the national literature, the role of nurses in the palliative care of pediatric patients. This is an integrative literature review, conducted using the BVS and SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) databases. The following descriptors were used: oncology, palliative care, hospitalized child, psychological stress, patient comfort, neoplasms, nursing professional role, nurse, and cancer. The Boolean operator used was "AND". Empirical articles and literature reviews published in full, in Portuguese, in Brazil, between January 2010 and March 2023 were included. Duplicates, commentaries, editorials, grey literature, and articles that did not address the study objective were excluded. A total of 3,106 articles were found, of which 8 met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The findings revealed that nursing practice in pediatric palliative care must be humanized, empathetic, and centered on the needs of the child and their family. The main focus is on pain relief, comfort, and the promotion of quality of life, with emphasis on effective communication and the use of playful strategies. The importance of professional training is also highlighted, as it is crucial for providing sensitive and comprehensive care in end-of-life situations. The role of nurses in pediatric palliative care is fundamental for promoting comfort, emotional support, and quality of life for children and their families. Specific training for healthcare professionals is indispensable to ensure ethical, sensitive, and holistic care.

“Remember Me”, a memorial to COVID-19 victims on social media: experience report

Lyandra Cordeiro Peres — 2025-07-05

Objective: To share the experience of the university extension project on social media, conceived as a tribute to the victims of COVID-19. Methodology: This is a descriptive experience report on a program of curricular extension activities (PACE), called "Remember Me: Virtual Memorial to the Victims of COVID-19 in the Amazon", which was implemented during emergency distance learning from August to December 2020. Results: The use of Facebook and Instagram social media accounts to pay virtual tributes to the victims of COVID-19 allowed for reflection on death and mourning, as well as remembrance practices based on aspects of Mexican culture. The posts were made on All Souls' Day and were well received, with positive comments from participants. Conclusion: PACE had a significant social impact, enabling relatives and friends to pay their respects virtually through social media, demonstrating resilience and resilience during the pandemic, providing comfort and helping in the grieving process of these individuals, as well as showing that social media was an indispensable tool for centralizing the dissemination of information.

Keywords: social media, virtual memorial, communication, COVID-19.

Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV: a narrative review

Maria Luiza Alencar Lima — 2025-07-07

Introduction: Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite responsible for trichomoniasis, a common asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection (STI), which is associated with complications such as vaginal inflammation and an increased susceptibility to HIV infection. Tissue damage and the local immune response may facilitate viral entry. This study aims to examine the association between trichomoniasis and HIV, as well as its implications for public health. Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted through searches in the MEDLINE and LILACS databases. The selection criteria included open-access articles published within the past five years, using the DECS descriptors “Trichomonas vaginalis,” “HIV,” and “Women.” Results: The literature indicates that co-infection with Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV enhances viral transmission and disease progression due to factors such as genital inflammation, mucosal disruption, and alterations in the genital microbiota. Additionally, asymptomatic male carriers serve as vectors, while adolescents and pregnant women constitute particularly vulnerable populations. Mechanisms including elevated viral load and the modulatory role of galectins further intensify the risk. Consequently, early detection and treatment are essential to reduce complications and transmission rates. Conclusion: Infection with Trichomonas vaginalis significantly increases the risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV. Therefore, its management should be incorporated into comprehensive STI control strategies, including prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment, with a particular emphasis on at-risk populations.

Tu, você or cê? A sociolinguistic perspective on the second-person singular pronoun in brazilian portuguese

Suziane de Oliveira Porto Silva — 2025-07-02

In this article, we discuss the pronominal variation of the second-person singular in Brazilian Portuguese, focusing on the forms tu, você, and cê, from a sociolinguistic perspective. We conducted a literature review, articulating the principles of the Theory of Linguistic Variation and Change (Labov, 2008) and the Theory of Power and Solidarity (Brown & Gilman, 1960). We explore the historical aspects of the grammaticalization of você, the treatment of these forms in both prescriptive and descriptive grammars, the regional distribution patterns, and the linguistic and social factors that influence their selection. Throughout the analysis, we demonstrate that these pronominal forms not only coexist, but are mobilized according to linguistic and extralinguistic factors. By acknowledging this variation, we aim to contribute to a critical reflection on the actual uses of the language.

Lactose in the pharmaceutical industry: properties and applications

Emily Clara Aguiar Welter — 2025-07-09

Lactose, a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose, is the primary carbohydrate found in mammalian milk and is biosynthesized by the enzyme lactose synthase. Its physicochemical properties, including mutarotation, are influenced by factors such as temperature, pH, and solvent type, making it a compound of significant interest across various applications. In industry, lactose plays a crucial role in both food and pharmacology. It is extensively utilized as a pharmaceutical excipient, particularly in tablets and inhalation powders, owing to its ability to enhance drug stability, solubility, and flow characteristics. The commercial production of lactose involves whey crystallization, yielding either α-lactose monohydrate or anhydrous β-lactose, each possessing distinct properties suitable for different contexts. Furthermore, the reactivity of lactose's hydroxyl groups facilitates the synthesis of derivatives with therapeutic and prebiotic applications, such as lactulose and β-galactooligosaccharides (GOS), which have demonstrated benefits for intestinal health. While the safety of lactose consumption is well-documented, lactose intolerance, stemming from lactase enzyme deficiency, remains a substantial concern for a segment of the population. The stability of lactose monohydrates is critical for ensuring the integrity of pharmaceutical products; however, its reducing potential may necessitate considering alternative excipients in specific formulations or in cases of galactosemia. The global pharmaceutical lactose market is currently experiencing significant expansion, propelled by the growth of the broader pharmaceutical industry and continuous technological advancements, thereby solidifying lactose's position as an indispensable excipient in innumerous applications.

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of autism spector disorder in children: a global overview

José Suelton Luiz Costa dos Santos — 2025-07-09

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder described by the Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a persistent deficit in communication and social interactions in different environments, involving limitations in social reciprocity, in the use of gestures and facial expressions during interactions, as well as in the ability to create, maintain and interpret interpersonal bonds. Additionally, behaviors characterized by repetitive and restricted patterns are observed, both in actions and in interests and in daily activities. The present study sought to evaluate the clinical aspects of this disorder in children, as well as its epidemiology in the global context. Methods: Narrative review of the literature in the Lilacs, PubMed, Virtual Health Library and Scielo databases, using the keywords Epidemiology, General Symptoms, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Childhood with the Boolean operator and. Twenty-two full articles published from 2000 to November 2024 were included. Twenty-six articles that were not aligned with the proposed theme were excluded after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results and Discussion: Studies indicate that the broad spectrum of ASD allows variation in the presence and intensity of some symptoms; however, clinically it presents as a deficit in social interaction and communication, associated with restrictive and repetitive behavior patterns. Regarding the epidemiological aspect, a higher prevalence was observed in males, advanced parental age, perinatal and neonatal complications, in addition to prenatal exposures such as maternal infections, obesity, gestational diabetes, use of antidepressants from the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class, antibiotics, and exposure to toxins. Ethnic, socioeconomic, and regional factors remain controversial due to the lack of standardization of the analysis method. Conclusion: It is concluded that knowledge of the clinical and epidemiological aspects of ASD is essential to optimize the clinical management of this disorder.

The nurse's role in ostomy care: an integrative review

Larissa da Costa — 2025-07-12

Nursing care for ostomized patients requires specialized practice that goes beyond technical skills, encompassing welcoming, health education, and psychosocial support. The complexity of this care highlights the need for proper professional training, as well as the adoption of evidence-based practices. This study aimed to gather and synthesize the available national literature on nursing care provided to ostomized patients. It is an integrative literature review conducted in the BVSalud database and the SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), using the following descriptors: “stoma,” “nursing care,” “role of the nursing professional,” “nurses,” “patients,” “inclusive education,” “teaching,” “ostomy care,” and “ostomy,” employing the Boolean operator AND. Empirical texts, literature reviews, monographs, theses, and dissertations published between January 2020 and March 2025, available in full, in Portuguese, and published in Brazil were included. Duplicated texts, commentaries, editorials, and articles not addressing the study objective were excluded. A total of 1,416 articles were found, of which 14 were included for qualitative analysis. The analyzed studies highlight the central role of nurses in promoting self-care, rehabilitation, and improving the quality of life of patients with ostomies. Although training initiatives and care protocols exist, weaknesses persist in academic preparation and the structure of the healthcare network. Recurring barriers include insufficient technical training, lack of resources, and limited emotional support. In this context, strategies such as advanced nursing practice, the use of educational technologies, and greater family involvement have shown promise in enhancing the quality of care and supporting patients’ social reintegration. This study demonstrated that care for ostomized individuals must be comprehensive, continuous, and humanized, requiring investment in professional education and the implementation of more effective health policies. The role of nurses is essential to ensure the safety, autonomy, and quality of life of these patients.

The Role of Nurses in the Care of NCDs in Primary Health Care

Alexandre Zacarias Oliveira dos Santos — 2025-07-12

This study addressed the essential role of nurses in caring for Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases (NCDs) in Primary Health Care (PHC), highlighting their functions in continuous monitoring, health education, and emotional support for patients. Nurses play a crucial role in health promotion and in the management of NCDs, in addition to implementing strategies for preventing complications and improving the quality of life for patients. Health education, focused on behavior change and treatment adherence, is one of the primary interventions used by nurses to improve self-management and reduce complications. However, several challenges were identified, such as workload overload, lack of resources, and the need for continuous training. Interprofessional integration was identified as an essential factor for improving care and ensuring the effectiveness in managing NCDs. It is concluded that strengthening the nurse’s role in PHC, through continuous training and improving working conditions, is essential to ensure effective care and promote the quality of life of patients with NCDs.

The Impacts of Employee Turnover on Workers' Health in the United States of America

Fabiana Souza Silva — 2025-07-02

This narrative review aimed to assess the impacts of employee turnover on the health of workers in the United States. High turnover rates have become increasingly frequent, especially in post-pandemic and economically unstable environments, bringing adverse effects not only to organizational productivity but also to the physical and mental health of remaining employees. The methodology included a qualitative review of scientific articles, dissertations, and theses from platforms such as Scielo, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The main findings reveal that employee turnover contributes to increased stress, anxiety, burnout, and even physical conditions such as heart disease and musculoskeletal problems. Older employees and those in insecure jobs are particularly vulnerable. Turnover also disrupts work-life balance and team dynamics, increasing the likelihood of dissatisfaction and surge the agitations. Financially, high turnover generates direct and indirect costs related to hiring, training, and productivity losses. The conclusion emphasizes that managing turnover effectively is vital to preserving not only organizational health but also individual well-being. Strategies such as individualized HR practices, mental health promotion, and predictive analytics are suggested. Ultimately, turnover affects not just the departing employees but significantly burdens those who stay behind. Further research is recommended to explore organizational-level solutions to mitigate the health impacts of high turnover.

Pain beyond the physical: the need for a holistic approach in managing total pain syndrome in oncology

Silvia Silveira da Silva — 2025-07-09

Total pain syndrome, which encompasses physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions, is often underdiagnosed, negatively impacting patients' quality of life. The lack of preparedness among healthcare professionals to address this complexity exacerbates patient suffering, especially in palliative care settings. This article aims to report the experience of a nursing technician in caring for oncology patients with total pain syndrome, highlighting gaps in care and proposing strategies for a more humanized and comprehensive approach. This is an experience report based on the first author’s practice over 10 years in a hospital unit, focusing on the care of adult oncology patients. A lack of training among the multidisciplinary team to diagnose and manage total pain syndrome was identified, leading to fragmented care focused solely on relieving physical pain. Work overload and the absence of specific protocols hinder a holistic assessment of pain. As solutions, the article proposes professional training, multidisciplinary integration, the inclusion of spiritual support, and increased awareness among healthcare managers about the need for more humanized care. Total pain syndrome demands a holistic and interdisciplinary approach, emphasizing professional development and the implementation of protocols that address all dimensions of pain. Changes in care practices, such as active listening and multidimensional assessment, are essential to improve patients' quality of life and to promote more dignified and effective care.

Factors associated with discontinuation of HIV treatment: an integrative review

Cliris Cassya do Nascimento Silva — 2025-07-02

Introduction: Treatment dropout rates in HIV-infected patients are high, resulting in negative treatment outcomes and subsequent spread of HIV. Objective: to conduct an integrative literature review in order to understand the factors associated with HIV treatment dropout. Methodology: A literature survey was conducted in October 2024, in renowned databases. The descriptors used were: ‘‘Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome” AND ‘’Patients who drop out of treatment” AND ‘’Patient acceptance of health care” AND ‘’Epidemiology’’ and, in English, ‘’Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome” AND ‘’Patients who drop out of treatment’’ AND ‘’Patient acceptance of health care’’ AND ‘’Epidemiology’’. Thus, 9 articles were selected, being included according to the eligibility criteria: articles in English and Portuguese, in the last five years, involving factors associated with HIV treatment abandonment. The exclusion criteria were: literature review articles or meta-analysis. Results: From the data analysis, it was possible to verify that most authors reported that there are several factors associated with ART treatment abandonment, involving sociodemographic characteristics such as being male, single, socioeconomic factors, low educational level and young age, but also events such as pregnancy, hospitalization, infection by an opportunistic disease and clinical progress can have an impact in treatment adherence. And not only that, but also side effects, clinical status, drug use, mental health problems, homelessness or unstable housing, stigmatization, among other factors. Conclusion: Failure to adhere to ART is a public health problem. It is essential to implement or improve public policies, improve communication, access and distribution of medicines, and carry out educational actions, such as lectures, to combat stigma. This work aims to serve as a basis for future research on the subject.

Nursing interventions in dengue prevention and control: an integrative review of practices and results

Sileide Maria Reis da Rocha — 2025-07-07

Introduction: Dengue is a viral disease primarily transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, representing a serious public health threat in tropical and subtropical regions. In Brazil, the climate conditions favor the proliferation of the vector, making the disease endemic. As there is still no specific cure, prevention is essential, with an emphasis on breeding site control, educational campaigns, and strengthening primary health care. Methodology: This study is an integrative literature review with a qualitative approach. The research was built upon articles indexed in the databases Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), and Google Scholar. Results and Discussion: The study was based on the analysis of 12 scientific articles published between 2014 and 2024, selected from SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar, focusing on nursing interventions in the prevention and control of dengue. The selection followed specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis identified 98 keywords, with the most frequent being “Dengue,” followed by “Health,” “Nursing,” and “Education,” highlighting the scientific emphasis on preventive and educational practices carried out by nursing professionals. Conclusion: Nursing interventions in the prevention and control of dengue are fundamental pillars for health promotion and for addressing this arbovirus, which remains a significant public health challenge.

The invisibility of children and adolescents with disabilities in the profile desired by adopters in Pernambuco, based on data from the National Adoption and Foster Care System

Lara Vitória Cordeiro Freitas Lima — 2025-07-02

This study analyzed the invisibility of children and adolescents with disabilities within the preferred adoption profiles in the state of Pernambuco, based on empirical data extracted from the National Adoption and Foster Care System (SNA). Using a mixed-methods approach, the research revealed an alarming mismatch: while 1,086 children with disabilities were available for adoption in Brazil in 2025, only 1,885 of the 33,662 registered prospective adoptive parents declared themselves willing to adopt them. In the specific context of Pernambuco, it was observed that the effective adoption rate of this group is significantly lower, evidencing a structural pattern of exclusion. The main factors identified were ableism, the idealization of the "perfect child," and the lack of adequate support. The study concluded that inclusive adoption requires coordinated public policies to support families, permanent awareness campaigns, and technical preparation for adoptive parents and legal teams. It was also found that legal provisions aimed at inclusion often operate symbolically, without effective practical application. The research contributes to the institutional debate on equity within the adoption system, offering data and reflections that can inform public policies that are more sensitive to diversity and more committed to ensuring the right to family life.

Applications of 3d printing in industrial design: advances, materials, and sustainability

Isaque Verissimo — 2025-07-04

3D printing, or additive manufacturing, has established itself as a transformative technology in industrial design, offering new possibilities in prototyping, mass customization, and sustainable development. This study presents a narrative literature review that analyzes the main technological advances, the materials employed, and the environmental implications of 3D printing within the context of industrial design. A total of 38 scientific articles published between 2015 and 2024 were selected from the Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. The findings indicate that this technology has driven innovation in design and production processes, particularly through the use of advanced software, generative algorithms, and integration with emerging digital technologies. The diversity of materials, including polymers, metals, ceramics, and composites, expands the range of applications, although technical, regulatory, and economic challenges still limit its large-scale adoption. From an environmental perspective, 3D printing stands out for reducing waste and enabling practices aligned with the circular economy. However, further development of regulatory frameworks and robust life cycle assessments is needed. It is concluded that 3D printing represents a paradigm shift in industrial design, with significant potential for sustainable innovation and future advances toward more efficient and integrated models.

Health Education in Type 2 Diabetes Management: An Experience Report in Primary Health Care

Aline da Silva Pereira — 2025-07-07

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the main health challenges faced by professionals in Primary Health Care. Food and nutrition education emerges as a key strategy for T2DM patient care due to its potential to promote self-management, debunk dietary myths, and encourage accessible healthy choices considering regional food culture and economic constraints.This study aims to report the experience of an educational intervention on diabetes, addressing its health impacts. It is an experience report conducted at the Lúcio Flávio Primary Health Care Unit in the Betânia neighborhood of Manaus, focusing on mindful eating for individuals with T2DM. The intervention was designed using participatory methodologies, emphasizing community knowledge, social bonds, and self-care autonomy. Interactive tools such as the "Conscious Plate Challenge" and discussion groups on food labeling addressed topics like macronutrient balance, ultra-processed food consumption, and critical analysis of food packaging. The initiative achieved its short-term goals by fostering knowledge, critical reflection, and shared responsibility among participants regarding their dietary choices. Results demonstrate that health education, when grounded in dialogue, active listening, and respect for local food culture, has transformative potential in holistic care for chronic conditions. This reaffirms the strategic role of Primary Health Care as a space for empowerment and social justice.

Teaching in times of artificial intelligence: adaptation or professional reinvention?

Állan Stieg Candeia — 2025-07-07

This article aims to critically reflect on the impacts of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on teaching practices, analyzing whether the integration of such technologies in the educational context requires mere adaptation or a true reinvention of the teacher's role. Using a bibliographic review methodology, the study selected publications from 2020 to 2025, including articles authored by the researcher, which discuss the use of AI in the teaching-learning process from different perspectives. The analysis revealed that although AI-based tools can optimize planning, assessment, and personalized learning, their effectiveness depends directly on the teacher's critical and intentional mediation. Furthermore, it is emphasized that the adoption of these technologies must consider social inequalities and ensure equitable access and teacher training. The study concludes that the presence of AI in education does not replace teachers but demands a reconfiguration of their practice, guided by ethical, pedagogical, and humanizing principles. Thus, teaching in times of artificial intelligence requires a conscious movement of professional reinvention, aiming for more meaningful, inclusive, and student-centered education.

Justice in favor of nature: the Xingu River as a subject of rights in the case of the construction of the Belo Monte hydroelectric pla

Rebeca Cruz Lisboa — 2025-07-09

Taking into account an anthropocentric context of rivers and waters, they are not matters of law, given this scenario, nature constantly suffers human actions, most of the time they are devastating. This work addressed the issue of the history of the construction of the Belo Monte plant, which was built along the bed of the Xingu River, being a project marked by struggles, resistance and in controversies, both in the environmental sphere and in the violation of the rights of indigenous peoples. Ask yourself: will there be an anxious change in parameters regarding the rights of nature, which include rivers, their basins, their tributaries and their waters so that they are, in fact, protected? This research aimed to study the concept of rights of nature, its historical evolution and its contemporary relevance in the context of the global environmental crisis. The methodology used was bibliographical research, which consists of reviewing the literature related to the topic addressed. To this end, books, periodicals, articles, websites, complaints, lawsuits, among other sources were used. Therefore, it is concluded, based on the research, that rivers, in scientific decisions, are matters of law, through a legal representative, due to their civil legal incapacity and, in this context, there is the possibility of them being considered, as proven by this work, subjects of Law. The rights of nature have emerged as an interdisciplinary field of study that seeks confidentiality and protection of protective rights to ecosystems and natural elements.

Sustainability and family farming in a mountain community in the semi-arid region of Bahia

Adriana Pinto Brandão — 2025-07-12

This research addresses the productive and social dynamics of family farmers in the Adro de São Gonçalo community, located in the mountainous region of the municipality of Itiúba, Bahia. The objective is to analyze the farmers' profile and the local agricultural production and marketing process. A qualitative methodology was used, with data collection based on analysis of the registration forms of members of the Itiúba Mountains Rural Products Community Association (ACPRS) and field research. The field phase lasted one year and included weekly visits to the farms, the open-air market, and ACPRS meetings. Observation and listening were conducted during farm work, association meetings, and conversations at the open-air market. The entire community works on family farming, which is the main source of local income. It was observed that the farmers have a low level of education, with men being less educated than women. Agriculture is carried out entirely manually and organically, with traditional soil care practices, planting, cultivation, and management practices such as pruning, weeding, and the use of natural fertilizers to treat plant diseases. Beans and corn are the most widely cultivated legumes and grasses, while mangoes, oranges, avocados, and lemons are among the fruits. Produce is sold at the open-air market in the municipal center, and surplus produce is used within the community to feed people and animals, as well as to fertilize the soil. The community's agricultural activity is sustainable and aligns with agroecological practices, also aiming for a circular economy and full utilization of production.

Benefits of paternal participation for newborn in the intensive care unit: an integrative review

Juliana Silva dos Santos — 2025-07-17

Introduction: Prematurity is any birth occurring before 37 completed weeks of gestation, and can be classified, according gestation age, into extreme prematurity (from 22 to less than 28 weeks), severe prematurity (from 28 to less than 32 weeks) and moderate or late (from 32 to less than 37 weeks). Differents facts influence, such as: genetic, sociodemographic, environmental and especially those reletad to pregnancy. The active presence of the father in the neonatal care has been emphasized by ministerial standards, being seen as eesential for the development of the father, mother, baby triad, providing emotional and psychological benefits for the family. The kangaroo method is a proposal for humanized care for low birth weight newborns, promoted by brazilian the Ministry of Health, Its aims to integrate the family, into neonatal care, especially in cases of prematurity, and is developed in three stages, in the first stage, the presence of the fathers in the neonatal intensive care unit is encouraged, in the second stage, their participation is intensified, highlighting the importance of partenal involvement. Objective : The final objective of this work will be to review the literature to identify the benefits of paternal participation in the stages of the kangaroo method. Methodology : An integrative review of current scientific literature was carried out, which consists of searching for data based on keyword research and analysis of relevant studies that meet the eligibility criteria, based on the last 10 years (2014 to 2024). The search was carried out in the VHL database (LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE and academic GOOGLE).

Review: the moral question in the anthropology in antology

Rogério Duarte Fernandes dos Passos — 2025-07-07

This review aims to provide notes that, in general terms, address the work “The Moral Question: a critical anthology”, organized by French researchers Didier Fassin and Samuel Lézé, which, in locating and compiling texts by different authors and at different times, illustrate not only the development of anthropology as a field of knowledge, but also its evolution as scientific knowledge that reveals the values of morality as a guiding axis for individuals and social practices.