Association Between Nutritional Risk and Postoperative Complications in Head and Neck Cancer Surgical Patients in a Tertiary Public Hospital in the Distrito Federal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v7i14.1067Keywords:
Nutritional status, Nutritional assessment, Head and neck cancer, Postoperative complicationsAbstract
Introduction: Head and neck cancer affects the nasopharynx, hypopharynx, oropharynx, larynx and oral/ nasal cavity. It is known that the disease itself and the anticancer treatment can influence the appearance of gastrointestinal symptoms, weight loss and low food intake that contribute to the development of malnutrition. It is known that in surgical patients, there is a high risk of complications in the postoperative period, and that a good nutritional status interferes with fewer complications, better quality of life and shorter hospital stay. Nutritional screening in surgical patients is used to detect nutritional risk, with the purpose of identifying medium and high nutritional status and performing nutritional management according to the individual's needs. Objectives: To associate nutritional risk and postoperative complications in patients with head and neck cancer at a Public Tertiary Hospital in the Federal District. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study with patients admitted to undergo surgery from January 2019 to December 2020, with a diagnosis of head and neck cancer. Data were collected from computerized medical records (TrakCare and Soul MV). Nutritional status was analyzed through nutritional screening by Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002) performed during admission. Results: The study included 68 individuals, males (79%) and elderly (59%) being the most prevalent. Approximately 51% of patients had weight loss, with 50% classified as medium risk and 4% as high risk. It was observed that half of the patients developed complications after surgery, fistulas being the most prevalent, about 61% of patients who presented some type of postoperative complication were classified at nutritional risk by the NRS-2002, but there was no significance statistic. Conclusion: The results achieved through this study reinforce the need for further studies on nutritional status and postoperative complications in head and neck cancer patients.
Downloads
References
LO NIGRO, Cristiana et al. Head and neck cancer: improving outcomes with a multidisciplinary approach. Cancer management and research, p. 363-371, 2017.
VUČIČEVIĆ BORAS, Vanja et al. Environmental and behavioural head and neck cancer risk factors. Central European journal of public health, v. 27, n. 2, p. 106-109, 2019.
BRAY, Freddie et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, v. 68, n. 6, p. 394-424, 2018.
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CÂNCER JOSÉ ALENCAR GOMES DA SILVA. Estimativa 2020: incidência de câncer no Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva. – Rio de Janeiro: INCA, 2019.
MEDEIRAS, Franciele Pedroso Poiate; MARTINEZ, Carolina Estevam; CARDOSO, Silvana da Silva. Estado nutricional e ingestão alimentar de pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço submetidos a tratamento oncológico. Arq Ciências da Saúde, v. 23, n. 4, p. 43-47, 2016.
BUENTZEL, Judith et al. Malnutrition and survival–bioimpedance data in head neck cancer patients. in vivo, v. 33, n. 3, p. 979-982, 2019.
KREBBER, Anne-Marie H. et al. A guided self-help intervention targeting psychological distress among head and neck cancer and lung cancer patients: motivation to start, experiences and perceived outcomes. Supportive Care in Cancer, v. 25, p. 127-135, 2017.
MÜLLER-RICHTER, U. R. S. et al. Nutrition management for head and neck cancer patients improves clinical outcome and survival. Nutrition Research, v. 48, p. 1-8, 2017.
JAGER‐WITTENAAR, Harriët et al. Self‐completion of the patient‐generated subjective global assessment short form is feasible and is associated with increased awareness on malnutrition risk in patients with head and neck cancer. Nutrition in clinical practice, v. 35, n. 2, p. 353-362, 2020.
DZIEGIELEWSKI, Peter T. et al. Predictors and costs of readmissions at an academic head and neck surgery service. Head & neck, v. 38, n. S1, p. E502-E510, 2016.
GRABOYES, Evan M. et al. Postoperative care fragmentation and thirty‐day unplanned readmissions after head and neck cancer surgery. The Laryngoscope, v. 127, n. 4, p. 868-874, 2017.
MUELLER, Simon Andreas et al. Effect of preoperative immunonutrition on complications after salvage surgery in head and neck cancer. Journal of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, v. 48, n. 1, p. 25, 2019.
CHUMLEA, William Cameron; ROCHE, Alex F.; STEINBAUGH, Maria L. Estimating stature from knee height for persons 60 to 90 years of age. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, v. 33, n. 2, p. 116-120, 1985.
KONDRUP, Jens et al. Nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002): a new method based on an analysis of controlled clinical trials. Clinical nutrition, v. 22, n. 3, p. 321-336, 2003.
MANTZOROU, Maria et al. Clinical value of nutritional status in cancer: what is its impact and how it affects disease progression and prognosis?. Nutrition and cancer, v. 69, n. 8, p. 1151-1176, 2017.
CABURET, C. et al. Impact of nutritional status at the outset of assessment on postoperative complications in head and neck cancer. European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases, v. 137, n. 5, p. 393-398, 2020.
KWAG, Seung-Jin et al. The nutritional risk is a independent factor for postoperative morbidity in surgery for colorectal cancer. Annals of surgical treatment and research, v. 86, n. 4, p. 206, 2014.
DOU, Lihua et al. Relationship between postoperative recovery and nutrition risk screened by NRS 2002 and nutrition support status in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Nutrition and cancer, v. 72, n. 1, p. 33-40, 2020.
CORUJA, Mariane Kubiszewski; STEEMBURGO, Thais. Estado nutricional e tempo de internação de pacientes adultos hospitalizados com diferentes tipos de câncer. BRASPEN Journal, v. 32, n. 2, p. 114-118, 2023.
MA, Jianhong et al. A comparative study of three nutritional risk screening tools in surgical inpatients with laryngeal cancer. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, v. 29, n. 2, p. 227-233, 2020.
LI, Lei et al. Early postoperative controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score is associated with complication III-V after hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study of 1,334 patients. Scientific Reports, v. 8, n. 1, p. 13406, 2018.
YOON, Jung-Pil et al. Comparison of preoperative nutritional indexes for outcomes after primary esophageal surgery for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Nutrients, v. 13, n. 11, p. 4086, 2021.
SCHWEGLER, I. et al. Nutritional risk is a clinical predictor of postoperative mortality and morbidity in surgery for colorectal cancer. Journal of British Surgery, v. 97, n. 1, p. 92-97, 2010.
GUO, Weiping et al. Screening of the nutritional risk of patients with gastric carcinoma before operation by NRS 2002 and its relationship with postoperative results. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, v. 25, n. 4, p. 800-803, 2010.
