Music therapy approach in the social rehabilitation of patients with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects learning, communication, and social interaction throughout life, with a global prevalence of one in every 160 children, diagnosed by the DSM-V. The etiology involves genetic, environmental, and biological factors. Music serves as an essential tool in nonverbal communication for individuals with ASD, facilitating emotional and interpersonal connections. Music therapy stimulates cognitive, emotional, and social skills, with benefits to physical, mental, and emotional health, promoting interpersonal relationships and emotional control. Studies indicate its fundamental role in promoting mental health and social reintegration of individuals with ASD. Objective: To investigate the impact of music therapy on the social rehabilitation of patients with ASD, examining its effects on mental health, socioemotional development, and societal reintegration. Methodology: Based on scientific articles published in the last five years. Forty-five articles on the topic were identified from various academic sources, with 37 articles excluded after analysis. Finally, eight articles were selected for systematic review. Results: It is emphasized that, in light of the analyses of the listed studies, methodological challenges and knowledge gaps persist, requiring continuous attention from the scientific community. The need for studies with robust designs, diversified samples, and objective measures of efficacy remains evident, as highlighted by several authors. Conclusion: It is emphasized that, although music therapy represents an important therapeutic intervention for individuals with ASD, continuous advancement in scientific knowledge and clinical practice is necessary to optimize its impact and reach in the social rehabilitation of these patients.