ANALYSIS OF THE IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFICACY OF THE USE OF VITAMIN D IN PATIENTS INFECTED WITH NEW COROVAVIRUS (SARS-CoV-2) AND ALSO FOR PROPHYLATIC PURPOSES AGAINST COVID-19 INFECTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4361677Keywords:
: Infection Diseases; pandemic situation; COVID-19; Vitamin D; Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Pneumonia; Cytokines; Respiratory Tract InfectionsAbstract
The novel coronavirus outbreak has triggered a rapid response from clinicians and life sciences researchers globally. Resultant advances in research show promise not only for tackling the current pandemic but also for informing future infectious disease diagnostics. We are going through a tough time. COVID-19 or SARS CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) causes pandemic in the whole world. Apart from quarantine some health measures are desperately needed to be taken as well. Mortality from COVID-19 is higher in some countries than the others. Many factors are playing essential role in this disparity including elderly people in population, general health, quality and accessibility of healthcare, socioeconomic status and most importantly Vitamin D status in the population. In this article we will be giving insights to the roles of Vitamin D in reducing respiratory tract infection, knowledge about influenza and COVID-19 epidemiology and how Vitamin D can reduce the risk. Vitamin D can reduce the risk via several mechanisms such as inducing cathelicidins and defisins which can lower the rate of viral replication, reducing pro inflammatory cytokines concentration which can injure the lining of the lungs leading to pneumonia and increasing the anti-inflammatory cytokines concentration. Vitamin D can lower the risk of COVID-19 outbreak in winter when the concentration of 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D or 25(OH) D will be lowest. Deficiency of vitamin D can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome, increase fatality rate in aged people when 25(OH) D concentration is lower. So it is required to take 10,000 IU/d of Vitamin D3 to raise 25(OH) D for few weeks followed by 5,000 IU/d. The concentration of 25(OH) D in the body should be higher than 40-60 ng/ml (100-150 nmole/L) to lower the risk of COVID-19.
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