Physiotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries

Abstract

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common knee injuries, frequently occurring in athletes but also in non-athletic individuals. This condition can lead to chronic pain, functional limitations, and a significant impact on quality of life. Proper rehabilitation is essential for restoring knee functionality and allowing patients to return to their daily activities or sports. Physiotherapeutic interventions have proven effective in recovery after ACL injuries, being diverse and tailored to the specific needs of patients. This systematic review was conducted with the aim of compiling and analyzing the existing literature on physiotherapeutic interventions for the treatment of ACL injuries. Thirteen studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected, of which six were highlighted in a table summarizing their main characteristics, including authors, year, objectives, methodology, interventions performed, and results. The analyzed interventions included muscle strengthening exercises, stretching, and relaxation techniques, as well as approaches that combine different therapeutic methods. The results demonstrated significant improvements in pain intensity, muscle strength, and flexibility, along with a reduction in related symptoms such as fatigue and functional limitations. The effectiveness of the interventions was influenced by factors such as the technique used, the duration of treatment, and patient adherence to rehabilitation programs. These findings emphasize the importance of individualized treatment and the need for further research on the long-term effects of physiotherapeutic approaches in patients with ACL injuries.