Microbiological, toxicological and phytochemical analysis of the plant species Bromelia laciniosa Mart. (Macambira)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v8i19.2319Keywords:
Plants Medicinal, Bromelia, Products with Antimicrobial ActionAbstract
Bromelia laciniosa (Macambira), a member of the Bromeliaceae family, is a terrestrial species native to the semi-arid regions of northeastern Brazil, with numerous significant applications. This study evaluated the dried crude extract of B. laciniosa for its phytochemical composition, antimicrobial activity, and toxicity. The toxicological test was performed using the Artemia salina lethality assay, which indicated low toxicity (LC₅₀ > 1000 µg/mL). The antimicrobial activity, tested via agar dilution against standard bacterial strains, revealed inhibition zones for Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. However, in the antiparasitic test involving direct exposure to the extract, no significant effect was observed. Phytochemical screening identified tannins (via ferric chloride reaction), flavonoids (through aluminum chloride reaction), and phytosterols (Liebermann-Burchard test). The results suggest that B. laciniosa extract exhibits antimicrobial activity against specific strains, low toxicity, and the presence of promising bioactive compounds, indicating the plant's potential as a therapeutic source.
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