Physiotherapeutic approaches in the management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

Abstract

Peripheral neuropathy-induced neuropathy consists of a set of clinical conditions resulting from lesions or dysfunctions in the peripheral nerves. It is related to cancer when addressed as one of the main adverse effects of oncological treatment (chemotherapy), directly impacting the functionality and quality of life of patients. This study aimed to identify and analyze the main physiotherapeutic approaches used in the management of this condition, as well as their effects on symptom control and quality of life. This is an integrative literature review, carried out in the PubMed, SciELO, and PEDro databases, with eligibility criteria including free clinical trials published between 2020 and 2026, and exclusion of articles that deviated from the theme, theses, and dissertations. Thus, eight studies were selected that investigated different interventions, such as therapeutic exercises, electrostimulation, ultrasound, acupuncture, and integrative therapies. The results demonstrated that most interventions promoted a reduction in neuropathic symptoms, improved quality of life, and functional gains, with structured exercise programs and combined approaches standing out. However, variability was observed in the protocols and outcomes evaluated, as well as short periods of exposure to the therapeutic protocols. It is concluded that physiotherapy plays an essential role in the management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, being an effective and safe strategy, although further studies are still needed to standardize procedures and strengthen scientific evidence.