Preliminary toxicity of extracts and fractions obtained from leaves and stem bark of Dalbergia brasiliensis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v7i14.896Keywords:
Dalbergia brasiliensis, Preliminary toxicity, Artemia salina, Hemolytic activityAbstract
The genus Dalbergia Linn. f. (Fabaceae) contains around 250 species and is threatened with extinction due to the high economic value of its wood. Many species of the genus are used in traditional Chinese medicine. The species Dalbergia brasiliensis occurs naturally in Brazil (Cerrado and Atlantic Forest) and has few studies in the literature. The objective of the study was to evaluate preliminary toxicity through the assay against the microcrustacean Artemia salina Leach. and by evaluating the hemolytic activity of extracts and fractions of the bark of the stem and leaves of the species Dalbergia brasiliensis. In the systematic phytochemical prospecting test, the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, iridoids, condensed tannins and amino groups; in the bark extracts they showed the same compounds and also anthocyanin and saponin heterosides. The dried and crushed plant material was used to obtain crude ethanolic extracts in a Soxhlet apparatus. From the crude extract of the bark of the stem and leaves, the hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were obtained. Regarding preliminary toxicity against A. salina, all samples presented an LC50 value greater than 1000μg/mL, demonstrating low toxicity. In the evaluation of hemolytic activity, the same negative result was evident on blood Agar plates. In the evaluation in tubes, the hexanic fraction of the peel showed a positive result, requiring further studies to understand its toxic activity. The low toxicity of D. brasiliensis extracts and fractions in the tests carried out demonstrates the potential of this plant for future studies to purify compounds and determine other biological activities.
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