High consumption of ultra-processed foods among children and young people in the United States: challenges and solutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v8i18.2262Palabras clave:
Ultraprocessados, Crianças, Jovens, SaúdeResumen
El consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados (AUP) entre niños y adolescentes en los Estados Unidos se ha convertido en una preocupación crítica de salud pública. Estos productos altamente industrializados representan más del 60% de la ingesta calórica diaria en este grupo de edad, y están asociados con una serie de enfermedades crónicas como obesidad, diabetes tipo 2 e hipertensión. El aumento expresivo en la disponibilidad, conveniencia y atractivo publicitario de estos alimentos ha contribuido a hábitos alimenticios poco saludables, especialmente entre poblaciones de bajos ingresos y con menor escolaridad. Este artículo es una revisión narrativa de la literatura y discute los principales desafíos relacionados con el alto consumo de (AUP) por jóvenes estadounidenses, destacando factores sociales, económicos, culturales y ambientales. Además, explora los impactos nutricionales, psicológicos y metabólicos derivados de la ingesta frecuente de estos productos. Se presentan estrategias y políticas públicas para mitigar el problema, incluyendo programas escolares, regulación de la publicidad infantil, intervenciones comunitarias y reformas en el etiquetado nutricional. La responsabilidad compartida entre familias, escuelas, industria alimentaria y gobiernos se enfatiza como fundamental para la construcción de ambientes alimentarios más saludables. Por último, se propone un enfoque sistémico e intersectorial para reducir el consumo de (AUP) y promover la salud integral de niños y adolescentes.
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