The use of erythropoietin and its action as a neuroprotective agent in cognitive dysfunction common in chronic kidney patients: an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v7i15.1586Keywords:
PortuguêsAbstract
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a comorbidity that leads to several complications in patients, often requiring the use of multiple medications. Among these is recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO), commonly used to treat secondary anemia. However, studies suggest that rHuEPO may play a role beyond erythropoiesis, exerting local effects in the brain and acting as a neurotrophic and neuroprotective factor. Discussion: Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone primarily produced in the kidneys, with its main function being the stimulation of erythroid cell production. In CKD patients, there is a reduction in renal EPO synthesis, which explains the low hemoglobin (Hb) levels. In addition to its role in hematopoiesis, EPO has demonstrated neuroprotective actions, including reduced neuronal death, decreased inflammation, oligodendrocyte differentiation and maturation, and enhanced white matter integrity. Several studies have shown the therapeutic benefits of rHuEPO in a wide range of neurological diseases, including recent findings on its effects on cognitive impairment, which is common among CKD patients. Cognitive tests conducted on chronic kidney patients with anemia, both before and after rHuEPO use, revealed improvements in cognitive functions compared to those who did not receive the medication. Conclusion: This article is important for updating databases on the neuroprotective role of rHuEPO in CKD patients and can also aid future research focused on developing new pharmacological strategies that offer neuroprotection to patients with CKD.
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