Clinical Repercussions of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v7i15.1693Keywords:
SGLT2, Diabetic Nephropathy, Diabetes Mellitus type 2Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in developed countries and is more common in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Hyperglycemia plays a central role in the progression of the disease, with factors such as insulin resistance and inflammation contributing to renal function decline. SGLT2 inhibitors are an effective pharmacological class for glucose control and renal protection in patients with T2D. Therefore, this research aims to understand and synthesize information on the clinical repercussions of using SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with diabetic nephropathy, evaluating the effects of these medications on the progression of kidney disease, as well as investigating the underlying mechanisms of action. This is an integrative review, which resulted in 9 articles for analysis. The findings suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors have shown potential to preserve renal function and slow the progression of diabetic nephropathy, with evident benefits in patients with and without renal impairment. Canagliflozin and empagliflozin, in particular, demonstrated effectiveness in reducing albuminuria and improving renal and cardiovascular outcomes. Although adverse effects are rare, the use of these medications in elderly patients with impaired renal function should be approached with caution. Consequently, future studies are essential to better understand the molecular mechanisms and long-term benefits of these treatments
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