Temporal, patterns and factors associated with salivary gland cancer in Northeastern Brazil (2014-2023)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v8i18.1694Keywords:
Head and Neck Neoplasia, Incidence, Health Unic SystemAbstract
Salivary Gland Cancer (SGC) accounts for 2 to 6.5% of all head and neck neoplasms. Predisposing factors for its development include exposure to chemicals, radiation, genetic factors, viral etiology, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The complexity and biological and morphological diversity of SGC contribute to challenges in diagnosis, classification, and treatment. This study aims to evaluate the temporal trends and associated factors of SGC in the Northeast region of Brazil from 2014 to 2023, considering age groups and gender. This is a quantitative, exploratory, and analytical ecological time-series study conducted with data collected from 2014 to 2023 on SGC in the Northeast of Brazil. Data were extracted from the oncology panel of TabNet, from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). The selected variables were sex and age group. The Joinpoint regression model was adopted to calculate temporal trends. Poisson Regression was used to verify the factors associated with gender and age groups, evaluating the influence of these variables on SGC. Data analysis revealed a significant increase in the prevalence of SGC between 2014 and 2019 (APC=31.14; p=0.02), followed by stabilization from 2020 (p=0.88). No significant influence of gender was identified in the progression of SGC (p=0.90). The age group analysis revealed a significant increase (p < 0.001) in SGC diagnosis in individuals aged 20 to 39 years (PR=2.954; 95% CI=1.90 - 4.77), 40 to 59 years (PR=5.470; 95% CI=3.646 - 8.62), and 60 years or older (PR=6.410; 95% CI=4.296 - 10.06), compared to the reference age group (0 to 19 years). There was a significant increase in the incidence of SGC from 2014 to 2019, followed by a stationary period from 2020 to 2023. Age group significantly impacted SGC prevalence, with the highest incidence in individuals aged 60 years or older. Gender did not significantly influence the results obtained.
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