Challenges in oral health resolutive care: Analysis of associated factors

Abstract

Introduction: The resolution indicator (RI) is a measure aimed at assessing the capacity of health services to address the problems faced by the population, especially in the dental context. Objective: To analyze the resolution indicator in the five Brazilian regions, considering associated factors. Methodology: The study relied on an extensive data collection from publicly accessible sources, notably the Information System in Primary Health Care (SISAB) and the Atlas of Brazil, covering the five geographic regions (Northeast, North, South, Midwest, and Southeast) from 2017 to 2021. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Poisson regression model with overdispersion. This model was applied to examine the impact of various variables, including geographic regions, gender (male and female), age groups (18-29, 30-39, 40-49, and 50+), socioeconomic factors (per capita income, Gini), period (pre-pandemic and pandemic), and coverage of Basic Oral Health Care (CABSB). Result: Gender showed significant relevance, with a notably higher frequency in females (p < 0.001). Age impacted resolution, showing a decrease in treatment completion from the age of 30 (p < 0.001). Disparities in resolution by geographic region were also prominent. The pandemic, in turn, had a significantly negative impact on the IR (p < 0.001), resulting in a notable decrease during the analyzed period. Furthermore, socioeconomic factors such as the Gini index (p < 0.001), per capita income (p < 0.001), and CABSB (p < 0.001) played crucial roles in the resolution of dental treatments. Conclusion: The female gender showed higher IR, indicating significant differences in resolution. Aging correlated with a reduction in IR from the age of 30. Regional disparities were notable. The pandemic negatively impacted, reducing the IR. Socioeconomic factors such as Gini, per capita income, and CABSB influenced dental resolution.