Evaluation of the antagonistic potential of Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma harzianum in the biocontrol of Colletotrichum gloesporioides
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v7i15.1708Keywords:
Bio-inputs, Biological control, Microbial antagonism, Agricultural diseasesAbstract
In Brazil, the use of biological control is growing at an annual rate of 25%, driven by scientific advances in the production of bioinputs, which provide sustainable alternatives to the use of chemical pesticides. Bioinputs, such as Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma harzianum, have demonstrated efficacy in controlling pathogens such as Colletotrichum spp., a disease-causing agent in agricultural crops, and are a promising approach for more sustainable agriculture. Thus, the general objective of the study was to evaluate the antagonistic activity of strains of Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma harzianum in the biocontrol of the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides under in vitro conditions. The study was carried out at the Quality Control Laboratory of the company Solubio Tecnologias Agrícolas, with isolation of the fungus C. gloeosporioides from papaya fruits (Carica papaya L.) showing typical symptoms of rot and the isolates Bacillus spp. and T. harzianum, used for the experiment, belong to the company's collection of microorganisms, which were multiplied for use in the experiments. The paired cultivation method was used in Petri dishes with BDA medium, incubated at 25°C for seven days. The results showed that T. harzianum presented greater antagonistic efficacy, surpassing the Bacillus spp. isolates in inhibiting the growth of C. gloeosporioides. Bacillus spp. also developed significant efficiency, with mechanisms of action based on antibiosis and induction of resistance in plants, although with similar effects. The results obtained reinforce the potential of biological control as a sustainable strategy for the management of agricultural diseases.
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