Statics of bacteria in the intestinal microbiota in patients with obesity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v8i18.1970Keywords:
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in metabolic health, influencing immune and energy functions. In obese individuals, there is reduced microbial diversity, an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria, such as Firmicutes, and a reduction in beneficial species, such as Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. These changes favor greater energy extraction from food, chronic inflammation, and weight gain. Diets rich in fiber promote bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids, such as propionate and butyrate, which improve the intestinal barrier, regulate appetite, and increase insulin sensitivity. Strategies such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation show potential to modulate the microbiota and treat obesity. In addition, the microbiota influences the gut-brain axis, affecting eating behaviors and neurotransmitters such as dopamine, which perpetuates cycles of overeating. Despite advances, further studies are needed to personalize therapeutic interventions
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