Botulinum toxin application in the treatment of temporomandibular myofascial pain: evidence and controversies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v8i18.2186Keywords:
Botulinum Toxin; Myofascial Pain; Temporomandibular Joint; Treatment; Controversies.Abstract
This article aims to analyze the available scientific evidence regarding the use of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) in the treatment of myofascial pain related to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), as well as to discuss the main controversies surrounding its clinical application. Myofascial pain in the TMJ is one of the leading causes of orofacial discomfort, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. BTX-A, known for its ability to induce muscle relaxation, has been proposed as a therapeutic alternative for cases refractory to conventional treatments. The adopted methodology consisted of a literature review with a critical analysis of national and international studies addressing the efficacy, safety, and limitations of this intervention. The results indicate that BTX-A can provide pain relief, functional improvement, and enhanced quality of life, particularly in patients with chronic and treatment-resistant pain. However, controversies remain regarding dosage standardization, duration of effects, potential risks, and the lack of consolidated clinical guidelines. It is concluded that, although BTX-A represents a promising therapeutic option, its indication should be carefully considered and integrated into a multidisciplinary approach. Furthermore, the need for new randomized and methodologically robust clinical trials is highlighted to support safer and more effective practices in managing TMJ-related myofascial pain.
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