The challenges and strategies for preventing sexually transmitted infections with emphasis on HIV in the state of Acre - an integrative review

Abstract

The study addresses Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), with an emphasis on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), in the state of Acre, contextualizing them as a public health issue with social, cultural, and economic repercussions. Considering regional vulnerabilities, inequalities in access to information and health services, as well as limited coverage of preventive actions, the issue highlights the need for integrated strategies adapted to the local reality. The study aims to analyze the epidemiological panorama of STIs/HIV in Acre between 2022 and 2024, identify the challenges faced in preventing these conditions, and propose evidence-based measures to strengthen the institutional response. To this end, a documentary and interpretative analysis of data provided by the State Health Secretariat (Sesacre) was conducted, organized into thematic categories, encompassing epidemiological profile, prevention strategies, challenges, and institutional responses. Accordingly, it was observed that the state shows a moderate increase in HIV cases, with a concentration of infections in the Baixo Acre region and a significant reduction among pregnant women, revealing territorial disparities and punctual advances in vertical prevention. The study concludes that, although challenges related to inequalities and insufficient preventive coverage persist, the adoption of combined strategies, health education, and intersectoral policies constitutes a crucial path for strengthening prevention, expanding access to services, and mitigating local vulnerabilities.