The importance of physiotherapy in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects 10% of the Brazilian population and is classified into two types. Type 1 is characterized by insufficient insulin production, while type 2 occurs due to insulin resistance, leading to microvascular and macrovascular complications such as peripheral diabetic neuropathy. Objectives: This study aims to highlight the importance of physiotherapy in the treatment of peripheral diabetic neuropathy, which affects 49% of patients with diabetes mellitus. Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in improving patients’ quality of life. Method: This article is a systematic literature review, based on qualitative and exploratory research, developed through manuals, articles, and guidelines from digital platforms such as PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO, and LILACS. Results: Literature analysis demonstrated that peripheral diabetic neuropathy is a complication that requires physiotherapy intervention, which acts in both rehabilitative and preventive ways, using functional exercises, manual techniques, and electrotherapy to enhance patients’ autonomy and quality of life. Conclusion: It is concluded that physiotherapy is essential in patient care, complementing the treatment of diabetes mellitus and delaying complications of peripheral diabetic neuropathy, while promoting quality of life and preventing sensory and motor impairments.