Bladder cancer mortality trend in Brazil, 2014-2023

Abstract

Objectives: To analyze the temporal trend of bladder cancer mortality in Brazil and its regions from 2014 to 2023.Methods: An ecological, quantitative, descriptive, and exploratory study that analyzed bladder cancer mortality in Brazil (2014–2023) using data from SIM/DATASUS. Variables such as year of death, sex, region, state, and underlying cause (ICD-10: C67) were considered. Mortality rates per 100,000 inhabitants were calculated based on population estimates from IBGE. Temporal trends were evaluated using Prais-Winsten regression, with logarithmic transformation, calculation of the annual percentage change (APC), and 95% CI. The APC was categorized as increasing (positive and significant), decreasing (negative and significant), or stationary (p > 0.05).Results: From 2014 to 2023, a total of 44,839 deaths from bladder cancer were recorded in Brazil, with a predominance in males and a concentration in the Southeast and South regions. The highest standardized mortality rates were also observed in these two regions, exceeding the national average. The temporal trend showed an increase in mortality nationwide, with the South region standing out for the highest annual percentage change and being the only region where all states showed an increasing trend. In males, the Northeast and South regions exceeded the national trend, while in females, all regions showed an increase, but only the Southeast and South exhibited trends above the national average, with all their states showing growth. Roraima was the only state in Brazil to show a decreasing trend in female mortality.Conclusion: This study highlighted the increasing bladder cancer mortality in Brazil, particularly in the Southeast and South regions, with consistent trends across states, except in Roraima, where female mortality decreased.