Physical exercise as a strategy for prevention and control of hypertension: a systematic review of the literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v8i18.1912Keywords:
Hypertension, physical exercise, control, prevention, systematic review.Abstract
This is study presents a systematic review of the effects of physical exercise on the control and prevention of hypertension (HT), a prevalent chronic condition and a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The research followed the PRISMA guidelines and included studies published in the last 10 years, focusing on clinical trials, meta-analyses, and reviews regarding the most effective types of exercise in controlling blood pressure. The search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Lilacs databases, using terms such as "physical exercise", "hypertension", "blood pressure", "control", and "prevention". The results indicate that regular physical exercise, particularly aerobic exercises and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), is effective in reducing blood pressure, improving cardiovascular health, and stabilizing blood pressure fluctuations. The combination of aerobic exercises with resistance also showed superior benefits in controlling hypertension, with positive impacts on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness. The evidence suggests that exercise prescription should be personalized, considering intensity, frequency, and duration of programs, as well as individual patient characteristics. This study provides practical guidelines for healthcare professionals and patients, highlighting physical exercise as an accessible, effective, and non-pharmacological strategy for managing hypertension.
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References
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