Evaluation of the Role of Tau Protein in the Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Alzheimer’s Disease
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v8i19.2722Keywords:
Alzheimer's disease, Tau protein, Biomarkers, Early diagnosis, ScreeningAbstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly, becoming one of the greatest challenges in modern medicine due to its high prevalence and associated social impact. Therefore, the difficulty in recognizing the disease early, coupled with the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods, reinforces the need to identify more sensitive and accessible biomarkers. In this context, the Tau protein, in its phosphorylated forms (p-tau), has stood out for directly reflecting the clinical progression and severity of AD. This integrative review analyzed studies published from 2020 to 2025. Furthermore, articles addressing the Tau protein as a biomarker in the early diagnosis and monitoring of AD were also selected from recognized scientific databases such as PubMed, Alzheimer’s Association, Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences, and Nature. Furthermore, evidence suggests that plasma variants, such as p-tau181, p-tau217, and p-tau231, in addition to the BD-tau fraction, exhibit high diagnostic efficacy and potential to replace more invasive examinations, such as lumbar puncture. Additionally, it was observed that the association between different biomarkers increases diagnostic accuracy and allows for predicting the rate of cognitive progression. In conclusion, the Tau protein represents a promising tool for early screening and clinical monitoring of Alzheimer's disease, contributing to more assertive interventions and the development of personalized therapies.
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